Some aspects about surface wave and HVSR analyses: a short overview and a case study

The present paper deals with some often poorly considered aspects related to data interpretation (and inversion) and non-uniqueness of solution when analysing seismic data according to methodologies based on surface wave propagation. Critical aspects are highlighted by presenting both synthetic and field data sets. A case study is presented with the aim of showing some complexities related to data analyses. The recommended holistic approach (joint analysis) is presented with a twofold goal. On one side improving the subsurface model, on the other helping in data interpretation/modelling for complex data sets. Since, ambiguities in velocity spectrum interpretation and non-uniqueness of the solution, do not make it possible to consider ReMi analyses as a solution for improving penetration depth, joint analyses of Rayleigh and Love-wave dispersion curves obtained from active seismics (also exploiting possible higher modes) and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio are considered together with compressional and shear wave refraction travel times capable of further validating VS and VP values for the shallowest layers. Rayleigh wave attenuation is also considered as an additional tool for retrieving the overall consistency of the subsurface model.