Investigating an upwelling system along the eastern Makran coast

The study investigated wind-driven upwelling along the Makran coasts, utilising wind, temperature, and sea surface current data. Results revealed a seasonal coastal upwelling system along the eastern Makran coasts, primarily influenced by coastline orientation, and impacting sea surface dynamics. Trend analysis of sea surface temperature (SST) data indicated consistently negative, or near-zero, SST variations in the Makran upwelling system, in contrast to adjacent areas. Peak upwelling intensity occurred in May, spanning 62° to 66° E, encompassing over 300 km of Makran coasts. Temperature profile data validated the presence of a seasonal coastal upwelling system along the eastern Makran coasts. The examination of sea surface current components, in the northern Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman, highlighted the dominance of the seasonal upwelling system, driven by a decreased geostrophic current in May. In the northern Arabian Sea, the intensified geostrophic current, interacting with the Ekman current, diminished coastal upwelling intensity along the eastern Makran coasts